ブログの説明

明治大学・波戸岡景太の公式ブログです。主に、自身の研究成果や大学院(総合芸術系・波戸岡研究室)関連の情報をお知らせします。

3/25/2023

【新刊】『批評理論を学ぶ人のために』

構造主義から翻訳論までを射程に入れた入門書『批評理論を学ぶ人のために』(小倉孝誠・編)が、来月(4月20日)世界思想社より刊行されます。私の担当は、環境と文学の関係を批評する「エコクリティシズム」。ASLE(文学・環境学会)の設立から、人新世なる概念の誕生にいたるまでを概観しつつ、章の後半では、林京子と古川日出男のテクストを用いて、私なりのエコクリティシズムを実践しています。機会がありましたら、ぜひご一読ください。



目次

はじめに

Ⅰ 記号と物語

第1章 構造主義(下澤和義)
第2章 物語論(赤羽研三)
第3章 受容理論(川島建太郎)
第4章 脱構築批評(巽孝之)
◆コラム 法と文学(川島建太郎)

Ⅱ 欲望と想像力

第5章 精神分析批評(遠藤不比人)
第6章 テーマ批評(小倉孝誠)
第7章 フェミニズム批評(小平麻衣子)
第8章 ジェンダー批評(小平麻衣子)
第9章 生成論(鎌田隆行)
◆コラム 研究方法史の不在(小平麻衣子)

Ⅲ 歴史と社会

第10章 マルクス主義批評(竹峰義和)
第11章 文化唯物論/新歴史主義(山根亮一)
第12章 ソシオクリティック(小倉孝誠)
第13章 カルチュラル・スタディーズ(常山菜穂子)
第14章 システム理論(川島建太郎)
第15章 ポストコロニアル批評/トランスナショナリズム(巽孝之)
◆コラム 文学と検閲(小倉孝誠)

Ⅳ テクストの外部へ

第16章 文学の社会学(小倉孝誠)
第17章 メディア論(大宮勘一郎)
第18章 エコクリティシズム(波戸岡景太)
第19章 翻訳論(高榮蘭)
◆コラム 世界文学──精読・遠読・翻訳(巽孝之) 

あとがき

参考文献 
事項索引 
人名・作品名索引 

1/01/2023

2023年の仕事

明けましておめでとうございます。

昨年は、博論提出までの10年と博論提出後の10年に橋を架けるような、Thomas Pynchon's Animal Talesという研究書を上梓することが叶い、研究者としての原点に立ち返ることができました。これもひとえに、みなさまのご指導ご支援の賜物と深く感謝申し上げます。

さて、Pynchonという作家は、非公式の写真以外はいっさいの姿かたちをメディアに晒さないという、「作者の死」というコンセプトそのものを生きているような(偏屈な)小説家なのですが、裏を返せば、彼ら現代作家にとっての「著者近影」というものは、それだけ大きな意味を持っているものだとも考えられます。

作家とその肖像についての関係は、これまでもさまざまな角度から論じられてきましたが、2023年は、私も自分なりのアプローチでこの問題にとりくんでみたいと考えています。もちろん、ひとくちに「作家」といっても生きざまはあまりに多様であって、さらにその「肖像」となると、作家個人に加えて撮影者たちの生きざまもまた加味しなければなりません。

これは、なかなかにスリリングな研究です。

成果がかたちになりましたら、またここでご報告いたします。

それでは、本年もどうぞよろしくお願いいたします。

11/01/2022

新著が刊行されました。

Cover Image

イルカの写真が目印の新著、ようやく発売開始です。

6/23/2022

【予告】今秋刊行の新著について

昨年から準備してきた単著が、いよいよ今秋刊行となります。

タイトルは、Thomas Pynchon's Animal Tales: Fables for Ecocriticism (Lexington Books, 2022)。

博論と和書『ピンチョンの動物園』を下敷きにしながら、本編2章分と、序章・終章を書き下ろし、そして、過去の発表論文もほとんどすべて改稿して再編集しました。

思えば、文学のなかの動物たちについて私が本格的にリサーチを始めたのは、いわゆるゼロ年代がスタートし、そしてすぐに9/11の悲劇が起きた頃のことでした。あれから20年以上の月日が流れ、動物と人間の関係も、そのねじれた関係をより一層こじらせてしまったような気がします。

そのこじらせ具合を、ピンチョンという複雑怪奇な物語作家の力を借りて再表現し、そして、叶うならば、そこからまた新たな明日を生きるための「寓話」を紡ぎ出したい――というのが、本書をまとめた最大の動機です。

書き下ろしと加筆改稿に際しては、「ソラスタルジア」「代替肉」「保険」「環境ドキュメンタリー」といった、ここ数年でいよいよその重要性を増しているコンセプト/トピックを導入しました。

機会がありましたら、ぜひお手にとってみてください!

___________________

Thomas Pynchon’s Animal Tales

Fables for Ecocriticism

KEITA HATOOKA

Lexington Books

5/03/2022

韓国語版『ラノベのなかの現代日本』

映画『82年生まれ、キム・ジヨン』を観ていて思い出したのは、拙著『ラノベのなかの現代日本』を韓国語に訳してくれた兪さん&南さんとのソウルでの会話でした。ちょうど夏の里帰りを終えたばかりだったお二人から聞いた苦労話は、まさしく映画のなかの光景そのものだったような…あれはたった5年前のことだったのか、それとも、もう5年も前のことだったのか。「現代」という時間の枠組みが、さまざまな意味合いで揺らいで感じられる昨今です。


 

4/06/2022

活版印刷のぬくもり

 

アメリカ文学をめぐるエッセイをまとめた『ロケットの正午を待っている』(2016)は、「ホロコースト」と現代小説の距離という、そのテーマの重たさもさることながら、本文すべてを金属活字活版で印刷していただいたことでも、とても思い出ぶかい一冊です。

【版元の紹介ページ】

3/31/2022

共著の紹介

アメリカのレキシントン・ブックスから刊行されているエコクリティシズム論集Reading Cats and Dogs2020)に、谷川俊太郎の「犬」をめぐる拙論が収録されています。Kindle版もありますので、機会がありましたら、ぜひ!


      ↓ 試し読み ↓      

Chapter 9 

Let the Sleeping Dogs Tell Lies: Companionship and Solitude in Shuntarō Tanikawa’s Dog Poems

Keita Hatooka

“If dogs could talk / They would tell lies like me,” writes Shuntarō Tanikawa, one of Japan’s most prominent contemporary poets, in his poem “A Lie” (Naked; my trans.). Since his impressive debut with five poems published in a literary magazine in 1950 and the collection of free verse Two Billion Light-Years of Solitude (1952), he has not only published almost a 100 collections of poetry but has also become well-known throughout Japan through his simple and, at times, humorous poems. This includes his lyrics for the theme song to Astro Boy (1963), the first TV cartoon broadcast in Japan. His popularity is due to his humanistic messages and simple, heartfelt language. However, Tanikawa states forthrightly that he doubts language can truly be useful when communicating with his loved ones, as shown in the opening lines of “A Lie.” A little boy, the narrator of this poem, is confused by his mother who tells him not to lie, because he thinks he probably cannot help telling lies. He guesses that she has also lied before and been hurt, justifying the lying by supposing that even dogs would do so if they could speak. The poem’s subject implies that a lie can be placed even at the center of mother–child communication; the feelings of life are always translated falsely and misrepresented through human language. 

As a poet for children, Tanikawa has little difficulty making dogs talk. He has anthropomorphized the dog by adapting Aesop’s Fables. As a translator, he introduced the thoughts of Snoopy, the beagle of Peanuts, to Japanese readers. Moreover, he revived mysterious old rhymes as brand-new Japanese poems in Mother Goose Rhymes. However, as a modern poet, he carefully walks around language with his imaginary dog. In the poem “Sidewalk Shop,” Tanikawa metaphorically describes the language, and its meaning would be a casing and filling tube of sausage, saying “[if you] hang the sausages in the window of the shop, / Hungry dogs will come irresistibly” (Floating the River in Melancholy; my trans.). 

Sometimes Tanikawa’s dog unintentionally steps on a collection of poems dismissed on the street. The collection is one of the books that nobody would read and whose lines, words, and verses are becoming meaningless and return to the air. In such a miserable scene, Tanikawa’s dog happens to walk alone on the street. “Just after treading on the collection of poems soaked in the rain,” writes the poet, “The dog suddenly returns and sniffs it, / And then wags its tail” (Shi Ni Tsuite; my trans.; 84–85). Within the context of the poem’s metaphor, the dog seems to take a great interest in human language. The poet captures the dog’s interest, not through words but by turning those words into the very air, allowing the dog to sniff the air.

3/30/2022

【祝】波戸岡研究室の学生2名が、博士号の学位を取得しました。

明治大学大学院理工学研究科の建築・都市学専攻にある総合芸術系の波戸岡研究室より、2名の博士(学術)の学位取得者が誕生しました。

武田 寿恵さん:論文題目国際文化都市創出のためのブロードウェイ・ミュージカル国産化に関する表象文化論的研究」

劉 霊司馬さん:論文題目「現代中国における「抗洪救災」をめぐる環境表象論的研究:黒竜江省哈爾浜市の事例を中心に」

二人とも、長い年月をかけて研究対象に向き合い続け、その結果、今ようやく、対象の向こう側に広がる果てしのない世界の入口に立つことができました。

おめでとう。

そして、

ようこそ、研究者の世界へ!

10/24/2021

総合芸術系の紹介ビデオ

総合芸術系の紹介ビデオが、YouTubeに公開されています。進学を考えている方も、そうでない方も、ぜひ視聴してみてください!

クリックするとリンク先にジャンプします

YouTubeチャンネル
明治大学 総合芸術系 - PAC - 大学院理工学研究科 建築・都市学専攻

1/05/2021

The Future of Translation

The speed and accuracy of AI translators, such as Google Translate and DeepL, might surprise you. However, it is almost impossible for them to write paragraphs in a logical structure. This is precisely because the structure of the writing can hardly be rearranged without the permission of the author, whereas the word order in one sentence has to be more flexibly changed by a translator. Writing involves combining words, but it is equally important to note that it involves combining sentences. Of course, if Al translators ever begin to change the combinations of sentences and paragraphs, it means that they will begin to create rather than merely to translate.

12/16/2020

Nettle Tea

Nettle is notorious for its rough leaves that sting you. It might surprise you that some patients in the Middle Ages tried to cure rheumatism by rolling over a carpet of nettles. This fact also reminded me of Vernon Scannell’s poem whose first line goes, “My son aged three fell in the nettle bed.” You can find not only harm, but also tenderness in the metaphor of the “nettle bed,” precisely because nettle tea can soothe your nerves and help you to fall asleep easily. 
Recently, my wife and I have been drinking nettle tea at night after our children go to bed. Perhaps the tea affects me, but I need to add a secret ingredient: my children’s sleeping faces that will never know the stinging pain of the nettle.



11/29/2020

The Soundscape of Fahrenheit 11/9

If you listen to a movie without watching a screen, you'll find out how many different sounds there are. Today, I was not watching but listening to Michael Moore's Fahrenheit 11/9 while driving on route 246. I knew that Moore was a talented director who can combine shots and sounds dramatically, but it was almost shocking to realize the soundscape of his film is more vivid than its visual impact. Even though Fahrenheit 11/9 deals with the negative side of the 45th President of the USA, the sounds mainly consisted of Moore's own narration and classical and pop music that seemed not to need the close-ups of the face of the president. I think this is because the director's script is good enough to read it on its own. Such an experimental experience would lead you to discover the unknown possibilities of a film.



11/08/2020

Leap Year

It was in 2016 that I saw Kentaro Kobayashi's outstanding miming solo on the spotlit stage at Iwaki Performing Arts Center. The performer was running there as if he was really trying to catch up with his alter ego. Even though my seat was located a little bit far from the stage, it never bothered me. He was running while going nowhere, and so it felt like the time was beginning to stream backward to leave him there forever. The show was titled Leap Year, and it would have been performed this year again if the world had not drastically changed like this.


10/28/2020

What's Going On

Have you ever listened to Marvin Gaye's "What's Going On" in a totally different context from the Vietnam war?

In 1970, it was sung as a protest song against the war and the establishment of the time, but after May 2020, it's become an anthem for some people who cannot help raising their voices for BLM.

"Don't punish me with brutality / Talk to me / so you can see," sings Gaye.

It's still amazing for me how sweetly he could sing this line, even though he was furious about what was going on in the world then.

If you listen to it repeatedly, you'll be able to manage your anger and know what you should do tomorrow.


10/21/2020

Time Goes By

It's quite amazing how fast the time passes while you're staying home! I've just found out how long my blog has been silent now. These five months of silence were tough but worthy for me because l was able to devote almost all my energy to teaching online. Actually, the average time it takes me to create a 30-minute movie should be 6 hours: two hours writing the content; an hour recording; two hours editing of the movie; and one more hour to check and revise it. Yes, that's why my time flies like an arrow!

5/25/2020

The Possibility of the Fieldworks

If they had said a year ago that we wouldn’t be allowed to go abroad to research in the coming academic year, nobody would have believed it. Now, that such an unbelievable story has come true, I'm truly aware of how important it is to revisit the settings of literary works to discover something you'd overlook without the fieldworks. Last year, I was offered to contribute to a new collection of essays on the possibility of the fieldworks being a scholarly method and tried to combine my travelogues set in Germany and Sado Island. Last week, I received a copy of the new book published by Tamagawa UP and felt how far I've come since then. Fortunately, however, I could have the rare experience of being encouraged by rereading my own article to make sure what I've done is right.




5/14/2020

We've Been Here Before

These days I've found myself humming Harry Styles's "Sign of the Times," trying to figure out where we're going now. The final lines of this song are: "Will we ever learn? We've been here before. It's just what we know." Somehow these lines remind me of Hakushu Kitahara's "Kono Michi" (This Street), but this Japanese nursery rhyme is about nostalgia, a sentimental longing for the past. However, Styles's statement with this song can be described as "solastalgia," which could be defined as a variation of nostalgia toward the present and future. Styles's solastalgia is not only a pessimistic feeling, though. Repeatedly singing "just stop your crying," he's persuading us that even such sentimentality is nothing but "a sign of the times."

4/24/2020

Thinking on the Kindle

Every time I click to open the Kindle app and see the silhouette of the boy reading under the big tree, I unintentionally smile because the shape of the tree is elegantly modified to help him read with the natural eave of its branches. Nowadays, the Kindle has almost become one of the bare necessities for academic life in the field of literature. I have installed the app on every PC of mine, synchronizing them to the E-ink reader called Kindle Paperwhite. Representing the surface of real paper with its high-tech material and adopting a screen without backlight to let the reader enjoy reading in the sunlight, the Kindle has succeeded in mesmerizing us to live naturally and eco-consciously in the computer age.

While the origin of the word "Kindle" is said to be "candle," ironically "to kindle" can mean "to set something [including books] on fire." "Thursday, October 17, 1650. [. . .] the colony’s hangman, Thomas Bell, dropped a book onto a fire. He had kindled the flames late that morning near the crossroads[.]" I quote this line from David M. Power's book Damnable Heresy which deals with the first book banned in the US. The author of the first burned book was William Pynchon... yes, an ancestor of the famous reclusive novelist Thomas Pynchon.

The news of Pynchon's works like Gravity's Rainbow finally being available on Kindle is still fresh in our memories, but recently the argument of whether the e-book would become a trigger for today's book burning seems to have abated. Especially because of the increasingly powerful stay-at-home movement, some bestselling novelists who haven’t had to release e-book editions of their works have become compelled to do so. With a complicated feeling, I've found myself reading my Kindle in my garden because of my working from home. . .

4/23/2020

Trusting the Power of the Voice

Recently, I've been sitting in front of the microphone to record my online lessons, trying to make them closer to face-to-face ones. Because of using only sound, it's not accurate to say that my online classes will be equivalent to "face-to-face," but sometimes the auditory images can have stronger communicative power than through video. Of course, if you want to make your listeners feel they are with you virtually, you'll need some speaking skills and proper background music. Moreover, what you should keep in mind is that your listeners aren't anonymous but specific people, each of who has a real "face." I hope my attempts can encourage my students directly and brilliantly to devote themselves to the depth of literature and language!

4/17/2020

Adapting the World of "Eizouken"

In film studies, "adaptation" is a process of transformation between different media that would usually have difficulty exchanging their contents without modifying the details of the originals. The Tatami Galaxy, for instance, is one of a few successful cases to adapt literary works to animation. The recipe for success might be that director Masaaki Yuasa adapted a script which is an almost unabridged version of the original novel with character designs traced from Yusuke Nakamura's illustrations which appear on the dust jacket of the book.

10 years later, Yuasa released his new anime adaptation, Keep Your Hands Off Eizouken. Not surprisingly, when adapted from the manga to the TV anime, the world of Eizoken becomes more perfectly represented. This is mainly because originally, Eizouken was a manga which deals with the dreams of school girls who want to create their own original animation. While a live-action version of Eizouken will be released this April, I’m sure it won’t surpass Yukawa's adaptation whose essential motivation was consistent with the manga itself!